
Pressure in Liquids
The
equation for pressure in liquids can be
derived from the definition of pressure
as such
Pressure, P = Force,
F / Area, A
P = F/A
The force
exerted by the liquid above a surface is the weight,
W.
Hence,
P
= W/A
where P = pressure
and A = surface area
Weight, W = mg (where m = mass and g = acceleration
due to gravity)
Since density, ρ = mass
, m / volume, V
mass,
m, can be rewritten as ρV
Therefore,
W = ρVg
making
P = ρVg
/ A .... (i)
The volume of the liquid above the
surface can be derived from V = A X h,
where A = surface area and h = height of
liquid above the surface. Substituting V
= Ah in equation (i),
P
= ρ(Ah)g
/ A
P = ρhg
The
SI
unit for pressure is N/m2 or Pa
(Pascal). The SI base unit for pressure, P, is kgm-1s-2.
Tekanan dalam Cecair
Persamaan
tekanan dalam cecair boleh diterbitkan daripada takrifan tekanan seperti
berikut:
Tekanan, P = Daya, F / Luas Permukaan, A
P = F / A
Daya
yang dikenakan oleh cecair ke atas sesuatu permukaan ialah berat,
W.
Dengan demikian,
P = W/A
di mana P = tekanan
dan A = luas permukaan
Tekanan, P = Daya,
F / Luas Permukaan, A
P = F / A
Berat, W = mg (di mana m = jisim dan g = pecutan disebabkan graviti)
Ketumpatan, ρ
= jisim, m / isipadu, V
Dengan itu, jisim, m, boleh ditulis semula sebagai ρV
Yakni,
W = ρVg
iaitu
P = ρVg / A ....
(i)
Isipadu cecair di atas permukaan boleh diterbitkan
daripada V = A X h, di mana A = luas permukaan dan h =
tinggi cecair di atas permukaan.
Menggantikan V = Ah ke dalam persamaan (i),
P = ρ(Ah)g
/ A
P = ρhg
Unit SI
tekanan ialah N/m2 atau
Pa (Pascal). Unit SI asas bagi tekanan , P, adalah kgm-1s-2.